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Cyberattacks, drone incursions, disinformation, sabotage, vandalism, instrumentalised migration and electoral interference are all part of hybrid threats. It is a war waged in the shadows without firing a shot, and one that is causing increasing concern for governments and societies.
This RTVE documentary, the result of collaboration between the EBU's Investigative Journalism Network, analyses these threats with contributions from military and cybersecurity experts, senior officials from NATO, Europol, the EU and Spanish secret service agents, as Spain is among the countries most affected by cyberattacks globally and has led joint actions such as ‘Operation Eastwood’, which in July 2025 dealt a severe blow to the pro-Russian hacker group ‘No Name’, thanks to the participation of security forces from twelve countries.
Defences against hybrid threats are evolving rapidly, and this documentary shows us some of those being implemented by both NATO and companies: artificial intelligence, laser systems, signal blockers. Industry and research are on alert.
